Through comparison on several methods used to define the nominal tariff rate , the author suggest that the method of defining the nominal tariff rate through the necessary added value for each industry is suitable for china 通過比較幾種確定名義關稅稅率的方法,認為依據(jù)行業(yè)所必需的增值額逆算出名義關稅稅率的方法是適合于我國的方法。
Tariff structure is related to the effective rate of protection ( erp ) , gradually increasing tariff structure means that erp often is higher than nominal tariff rate , but the special national situation in china makes for not simply using the tariff upgrade theory directly . we need to assort with the nominal tariff rate of various commodities based on the principle of " providing " necessary " protection to the most needed industry " , henceforward realize tariff upgrade on such a basis . at the same time , we have to carry out low erp , or even negative protection on some industries , which do n ' t even need protection relatively 關稅結構影響著關稅的有效保護率,逐級而升的關稅結構表示有效保護率通常大于名義關稅率,但我國的特有國情決定了我國不能簡單地套用關稅升級理論,而應依據(jù)“給予最需要保護的產業(yè)以其‘必需’的保護”這一原則來協(xié)調稅則中各種商品的名義稅率,在此基礎上實現(xiàn)關稅升級,同時不得不對某些相對不是特別需要保護的產業(yè)實行較低的有效保護率,甚至是負保護。
Theoretical analysis applied game theory model and correlate analysis to verify conclusions about the influence of its variation on industrial concentration and product differentiation . conclusions of this paper : nominal tariff rates show negative correlations with industrial concentration whereas non - tariff barriers show positive correlations ; increase of non - tariff barriers will enlarge the differences between imported and native goods in a short period and the mentioned differences may be erased by technological advance made by import nations in a long time 最終結論:名義關稅稅率變動與產業(yè)集中度變動呈現(xiàn)負相關關系;非關稅壁壘變動與產業(yè)集中度變動呈現(xiàn)正相關關系;非關稅壁壘的增高會在短期內加大進口品與國產品的差異程度;如果長期內非關稅壁壘不發(fā)生變化,差異程度將趨于消失,消失的過程表現(xiàn)為出口國對技術壁壘的跨越和產品差異與國外的趨同。